British, 1853 Pattern Enfield Socket Bayonet with Scabbard

*British, 1853 Pattern Enfield Socket Bayonet with Scabbard*

A scarce and highly original British Pattern 1853 socket bayonet, designed for use with the famous Enfield P1853 rifle-musket. This 1853 pattern was the standard bayonet carried by nearly every British infantryman of the mid-19th century and widely used during the Crimean War, Indian Mutiny, and in numerous colonial campaigns.

The blade has a slight downward curve to allow easier reloading while fixed to the muzzle-loading Enfield rifle. Measuring 44 cm (17 inches), it features a triangular cross-section with fullers on all three sides, tapering to a narrow, down-turned point. The tubular iron socket with high rear bridge retains its deep original blueing, contrasting beautifully with the bright polished blade. The blade ricasso is marked with standard British inspection stamps: a broad arrow denoting War Department property, an “R” with star above (inspector or factory mark), and other acceptance numerals.

The scabbard is the correct black leather pattern with steel locket and chape, marked "C.H." along with a broad arrow and "100" rack number on the tip, Skennerton attributes "C.H" to known mid-19th century British contractor Cooper & Hodson.

In addition to the contractor and ordnance marks, this scabbard bears a distinctive "I tree M" marking on both the throat and chape. This may represent a local or colonial militia unit, or Indian provincial force. As discussed in Skennerton (item B207, pages 162–163 and page 338 in the Indian section), many Pattern 1853 scabbards were reissued for colonial or Indian service, where they were often fitted with brass or steel mounts and stamped with regional or regimental symbols unique to Indian provincial forces or princely state units. This combination of standard British manufacturing marks and unique colonial or militia symbols makes the scabbard a particularly intriguing research piece.

*Condition*
The blade remains bright polished with light age-related surface marks. Socket and elbow blueing are strong and uniform, and the locking ring is intact and functional. The scabbard shows typical surface age cracking but remains supple and complete, with tight stitching and secure steel mounts. Overall, this is a very well-preserved, complete example with exceptional research potential. Please see photographs as part of the condition report.

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