*USA, c.1888–1892, Marlin Model 1889 Lever-Action Rifle – .44 Winchester Smoothbore Old Spec Deactivated*
Overall length approx. 103 cm; barrel approx. 59 cm.
A genuine late-19th-century Marlin Model 1889 lever-action rifle, originally chambered for the .44 Winchester (.44-40) cartridge and later smoothbored, as clearly indicated by the detailed Birmingham proof markings on the barrel. This model represents Marlin’s first true solid-top, side-ejecting lever-action design—a major mechanical advancement over contemporary Winchester toggle-link rifles—giving a stronger receiver and better protection from fouling.
This example retains its correct 23¼-inch octagonal barrel, full-length tubular magazine, and the characteristic Model 1889 two-piece bolt and vertically rising carrier system, all of which remain complete. The barrel flats, magazine channel, and fore-end contours all conform fully to factory pattern, with no signs of shortening or replacement.
The barrel carries a comprehensive line of Birmingham Nitro Proof House markings, reading: “.44 WIN SMOOTH • 1:305 • 10.5 GRs R.N. • BNP • 200 GRs BULLET • 310”. These denote the post-conversion bore measurement, the nitro proof charge (10.5 grains with a round-nose bullet), the BNP certification, the 200-grain test projectile, and the proofhouse’s control number. Additional Crown-over-BNP and crossed-sceptre view marks confirm lawful British civilian proof and subsequent nitro reproof following entry into UK trade—typical for .44-40 rifles converted to smoothbore for gallery or shot-cartridge use.
The rifle retains its original walnut buttstock and fore-end, both showing good colour and period finish with honest use-marks but no structural cracks. The crescent steel buttplate is correct to the model and sits tightly to the wood. The period rear elevator sight is present, complete with stepped adjustment bar, and the front sight blade remains securely fitted to the barrel dovetail.
Mechanically, the rifle remains complete: the lever, lifter/carrier block, locking surfaces, loading gate, and magazine system are all present, with the action cycling appropriately for an antique Marlin. The full-length magazine tube and fore-end cap are original and correctly matched to the octagonal barrel flats.
Historical Note:
The Marlin Model 1889 was a landmark design for the Marlin Firearms Company and the first of their rifles to incorporate the solid top and side-ejecting system, offering increased strength, improved debris protection, and easier maintenance compared with the Winchester toggle-link rifles it was designed to compete with. Produced from 1888 to 1895, the 1889 quickly earned a reputation for being robust and mechanically advanced. Many rifles entering the British market were later smoothbored for gallery shooting, shot cartridges, or to suit contemporary trade requirements. The Birmingham proof marks on this rifle—view marks, Crown-BNP, and bullet/charge specifications—are consistent with pre-1939 commercial processing and later nitro reproof for civilian sale.
The Marlin rifle has long been associated with Annie Oakley, who admired the strength, smooth cycling, and clean, dependable operation of Marlin’s new solid-top, side-ejecting lever-action system. During her years touring with Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show, Oakley frequently used Marlin centrefire rifles loaded with shot cartridges to perform her signature rapid-fire feats—shattering airborne pottery balls, clay discs, and small glass targets tossed aloft by her husband, Frank Butler. These widely publicised displays helped cement Marlin’s standing among American shooters, and rifles of the Model 1889 family fall squarely within that celebrated era, representing the same quick-handling, exhibition-worthy pattern Oakley used to captivate audiences across the United States and Europe.
*Condition*
The rifle presents with untouched working-life patina throughout. Metal surfaces show areas of thinning blue, mottled brown age toning and localised pitting, consistent with long service and storage. The octagonal barrel and magazine tube are original and uncut. The walnut butt and fore-end are solid, showing scattered marks, small dents, darkened handling wear and minor abrasions, but no structural cracks. The crescent buttplate, lever and loading gate show honest oxidisation and age texturing. The action cycles and dry-fires. The deactivation date is 1997. Bore is a smoothbore showing age patina. All proof marks, calibre designations and inspection symbols remain clearly legible. A complete, authentic, and mechanically intact example of Marlin’s most important early lever-action rifle, retaining excellent character and strong collector appeal. Please see photographs as part of the condition report.
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